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Bj7((ƀ5@aJkbJ!@}F@5 ZSͱdvL #PK`΀B!w}I2P#F/Q 0ync.Z,S?/?kw (rڑمqss )s \s`dpy Lh9h #km⹌ɋX;l@W\+1WGYR7o.gѰGBx_rV˸n FcRvK^0+­&vE0'>~0 7vEvF81a5V6UbaWqmkP`hpYEmeS؟WDVaAKYEU.zh > !ի*Ƨ^S@;hL Lvf$0gFF2 (YmGoZV̶V|Vf*^A _, ]u.\:磙--n 3aQ`tb"wYHnVcH. >;YcM 8|u9`W6`QX@Ȫm =BГP cYWy0BN 1h1#[mf Ó ha*aAxI-* 4S5shV 8D|FAJk?@A.1ك/gmp*`Z!Lڊ̽[9vpRIENDB`( / 0LDTimes New RomanL x   #<Լ  d .  @n?" dd@  @@`` z8f  h  !"$$$$$$$$$$b$uS L*#G8$$$b$`Bw|eh%83 r8c@uʚ;2Nʚ;g4?d?d 4(<R LpR hҨppp@ <4!d!d@  ʚ <4dddd@  ʚ  <4BdBd@  ʚ ph___PPT2001D<4X? %GDCWhat temporal averaging period is appropriate for MM5 verification?j It is possible to pull off MM5 values at a grid point every time step, but does that mean that we should compare model output with near instantaneous observations? & probably not& !IF*Wind Speed at the University of Washingon HEJGrMM5 4-km output every time step appears to have the temporal variability of approximately 15 minute-average winds ss$Why? Winds are averaged spatially due to model resolution, grid-box averaging of some terms, and model numeric and explicit diffusion. Thus, for verification we should compare model output to temporally averaged observations.6!ZYNKUW Verification The Northwest Verification Effort selected grid to point verification because of the sparse data in many areas. At observation locations, model biases, mean errors, mean absolute errors, and rms errors were calculated.! ` ` ̙33` 333MMM` ff3333f` f` f` 3>?" dd@,|?" dd@   " @ ` n?" dd@   @@``PR    @ ` ` p>> $(    68R  P  T Click to edit Master title style! !  0R    RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S  0R  ``  X*  0R  `   Z*  0xR  `   Z*H  0޽h ? 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($(  (r ( S HP     r ( S P 0  H ( 0޽h ?    <$(  <r < S P P   r < S P   H < 0޽h ? r( G@N!N:# &%eDocumentSummaryInformation8XCurrent User* Oh+'0, `h    (0'?The Pacific Northwest Mesoscale Forecasting System: An Updatee Cliff Mass  Cliff Mass 51fMicrosoft PowerPoint Me@@ji@j @LG*PICT* @@ HH Z H݀ ^aa{            !L4 glf$      !** 9<*    d          &                6( 6                "Z\\  n  ՜.+,D՜.+,     i'On-screen ShowaUniv. of WashigntonFs Times New RomanDefault DesignDWhat temporal averaging period is appropriate for MM5 verification?+Wind Speed at the University of Washingon PowerPoint PresentationsMM5 4-km output every time step appears to have the temporal variability of approximately 15 minute-average winds UW Verification  Fonts UsedDesign Template Slide TitlesH 8@ _PID_HLINKS'Adhttp://www.atmos.washington.edu/~ovens/loops/wxloop.cgi?/home/user_www/justin/Defense/horiz_wsp+all"_V% Cliff Mass